Struct Camera 

pub struct Camera {
    pub viewport: Option<Viewport>,
    pub order: isize,
    pub is_active: bool,
    pub computed: ComputedCameraValues,
    pub target: RenderTarget,
    pub output_mode: CameraOutputMode,
    pub msaa_writeback: bool,
    pub clear_color: ClearColorConfig,
    pub sub_camera_view: Option<SubCameraView>,
}

The defining Component for camera entities, storing information about how and what to render through this camera.

The Camera component is added to an entity to define the properties of the viewpoint from which rendering occurs. It defines the position of the view to render, the projection method to transform the 3D objects into a 2D image, as well as the render target into which that image is produced.

Note that a Camera needs a CameraRenderGraph to render anything. This is typically provided by adding a Camera2d or Camera3d component, but custom render graphs can also be defined. Inserting a Camera with no render graph will emit an error at runtime.

Fields

viewport: Option<Viewport>

If set, this camera will render to the given Viewport rectangle within the configured RenderTarget.

order: isize

Cameras with a higher order are rendered later, and thus on top of lower order cameras.

is_active: bool

If this is set to true, this camera will be rendered to its specified RenderTarget. If false, this camera will not be rendered.

computed: ComputedCameraValues

Computed values for this camera, such as the projection matrix and the render target size.

target: RenderTarget

The “target” that this camera will render to.

output_mode: CameraOutputMode

The CameraOutputMode for this camera.

msaa_writeback: bool

If this is enabled, a previous camera exists that shares this camera’s render target, and this camera has MSAA enabled, then the previous camera’s outputs will be written to the intermediate multi-sampled render target textures for this camera. This enables cameras with MSAA enabled to “write their results on top” of previous camera results, and include them as a part of their render results. This is enabled by default to ensure cameras with MSAA enabled layer their results in the same way as cameras without MSAA enabled by default.

clear_color: ClearColorConfig

The clear color operation to perform on the render target.

sub_camera_view: Option<SubCameraView>

If set, this camera will be a sub camera of a large view, defined by a SubCameraView.

Implementations

impl Camera

pub fn to_logical(&self, physical_size: UVec2) -> Option<Vec2>

Converts a physical size in this Camera to a logical size.

pub fn physical_viewport_rect(&self) -> Option<URect>

The rendered physical bounds URect of the camera. If the viewport field is set to Some, this will be the rect of that custom viewport. Otherwise it will default to the full physical rect of the current RenderTarget.

pub fn logical_viewport_rect(&self) -> Option<Rect>

The rendered logical bounds Rect of the camera. If the viewport field is set to Some, this will be the rect of that custom viewport. Otherwise it will default to the full logical rect of the current RenderTarget.

pub fn logical_viewport_size(&self) -> Option<Vec2>

The logical size of this camera’s viewport. If the viewport field is set to Some, this will be the size of that custom viewport. Otherwise it will default to the full logical size of the current RenderTarget. For logic that requires the full logical size of the RenderTarget, prefer Camera::logical_target_size.

Returns None if either:

• the function is called just after the Camera is created, before camera_system is executed,
• the RenderTarget isn’t correctly set:
  • it references the PrimaryWindow when there is none,
  • it references a Window entity that doesn’t exist or doesn’t actually have a Window component,
  • it references an Image that doesn’t exist (invalid handle),
  • it references a TextureView that doesn’t exist (invalid handle).

pub fn physical_viewport_size(&self) -> Option<UVec2>

The physical size of this camera’s viewport (in physical pixels). If the viewport field is set to Some, this will be the size of that custom viewport. Otherwise it will default to the full physical size of the current RenderTarget. For logic that requires the full physical size of the RenderTarget, prefer Camera::physical_target_size.

pub fn logical_target_size(&self) -> Option<Vec2>

The full logical size of this camera’s RenderTarget, ignoring custom viewport configuration. Note that if the viewport field is Some, this will not represent the size of the rendered area. For logic that requires the size of the actually rendered area, prefer Camera::logical_viewport_size.

pub fn physical_target_size(&self) -> Option<UVec2>

The full physical size of this camera’s RenderTarget (in physical pixels), ignoring custom viewport configuration. Note that if the viewport field is Some, this will not represent the size of the rendered area. For logic that requires the size of the actually rendered area, prefer Camera::physical_viewport_size.

pub fn target_scaling_factor(&self) -> Option<f32>

pub fn clip_from_view(&self) -> Mat4

The projection matrix computed using this camera’s Projection.

pub fn world_to_viewport( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, world_position: Vec3, ) -> Result<Vec2, ViewportConversionError>

Given a position in world space, use the camera to compute the viewport-space coordinates.

To get the coordinates in Normalized Device Coordinates, you should use world_to_ndc.

Panics

Will panic if glam_assert is enabled and the camera_transform contains NAN (see world_to_ndc).

pub fn world_to_viewport_with_depth( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, world_position: Vec3, ) -> Result<Vec3, ViewportConversionError>

Given a position in world space, use the camera to compute the viewport-space coordinates and depth.

To get the coordinates in Normalized Device Coordinates, you should use world_to_ndc.

Panics

Will panic if glam_assert is enabled and the camera_transform contains NAN (see world_to_ndc).

pub fn viewport_to_world( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, viewport_position: Vec2, ) -> Result<Ray3d, ViewportConversionError>

Returns a ray originating from the camera, that passes through everything beyond viewport_position.

The resulting ray starts on the near plane of the camera.

If the camera’s projection is orthographic the direction of the ray is always equal to camera_transform.forward().

To get the world space coordinates with Normalized Device Coordinates, you should use ndc_to_world.

Example

fn system(camera_query: Single<(&Camera, &GlobalTransform)>, window: Single<&Window>) {
    let (camera, camera_transform) = *camera_query;

    if let Some(cursor_position) = window.cursor_position()
        // Calculate a ray pointing from the camera into the world based on the cursor's position.
        && let Ok(ray) = camera.viewport_to_world(camera_transform, cursor_position)
    {
        println!("{ray:?}");
    }
}

// Run the system after transform propagation so the camera's global transform is up-to-date.
app.add_systems(PostUpdate, system.after(TransformSystems::Propagate));

Panics

Will panic if the camera’s projection matrix is invalid (has a determinant of 0) and glam_assert is enabled (see ndc_to_world.

pub fn viewport_to_world_2d( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, viewport_position: Vec2, ) -> Result<Vec2, ViewportConversionError>

Returns a 2D world position computed from a position on this Camera’s viewport.

Useful for 2D cameras and other cameras with an orthographic projection pointing along the Z axis.

To get the world space coordinates with Normalized Device Coordinates, you should use ndc_to_world.

Example

fn system(camera_query: Single<(&Camera, &GlobalTransform)>, window: Single<&Window>) {
    let (camera, camera_transform) = *camera_query;

    if let Some(cursor_position) = window.cursor_position()
        // Calculate a world position based on the cursor's position.
        && let Ok(world_pos) = camera.viewport_to_world_2d(camera_transform, cursor_position)
    {
        println!("World position: {world_pos:.2}");
    }
}

// Run the system after transform propagation so the camera's global transform is up-to-date.
app.add_systems(PostUpdate, system.after(TransformSystems::Propagate));

Panics

Will panic if the camera’s projection matrix is invalid (has a determinant of 0) and glam_assert is enabled (see ndc_to_world.

pub fn world_to_ndc<V>( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, world_point: V, ) -> Option<V>

where V: Into<Vec3A> + From<Vec3A>,

Given a point in world space, use the camera’s viewport to compute the Normalized Device Coordinates of the point.

When the point is within the viewport the values returned will be between -1.0 (bottom left) and 1.0 (top right) on the X and Y axes, and between 0.0 (far) and 1.0 (near) on the Z axis. To get the coordinates in the render target’s viewport dimensions, you should use world_to_viewport.

Returns None if the camera_transform, the world_position, or the projection matrix defined by Projection contain NAN.

Panics

Will panic if the camera_transform contains NAN and the glam_assert feature is enabled.

pub fn ndc_to_world<V>( &self, camera_transform: &GlobalTransform, ndc_point: V, ) -> Option<V>

where V: Into<Vec3A> + From<Vec3A>,

Given a position in Normalized Device Coordinates, use the camera’s viewport to compute the world space position.

When the position is within the viewport the values returned will be between -1.0 and 1.0 on the X and Y axes, and between 0.0 and 1.0 on the Z axis. To get the world space coordinates with the viewport position, you should use world_to_viewport.

Returns None if the camera_transform, the world_position, or the projection matrix defined by Projection contain NAN.

Panics

Will panic if the projection matrix is invalid (has a determinant of 0) and glam_assert is enabled.

pub fn depth_ndc_to_view_z(&self, ndc_depth: f32) -> f32

Converts the depth in Normalized Device Coordinates to linear view z for perspective projections.

Note: Depth values in front of the camera will be negative as -z is forward

pub fn depth_ndc_to_view_z_2d(&self, ndc_depth: f32) -> f32

Converts the depth in Normalized Device Coordinates to linear view z for orthographic projections.

Note: Depth values in front of the camera will be negative as -z is forward

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for Camera

fn clone(&self) -> Camera

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Component for Camera

where Camera: Send + Sync + 'static,

Required Components: Frustum, CameraMainTextureUsages, VisibleEntities, Transform, Visibility.

A component’s Required Components are inserted whenever it is inserted. Note that this will also insert the required components of the required components, recursively, in depth-first order.

const STORAGE_TYPE: StorageType = bevy_ecs::component::StorageType::Table

A constant indicating the storage type used for this component.

type Mutability = Mutable

A marker type to assist Bevy with determining if this component is mutable, or immutable. Mutable components will have Component<Mutability = Mutable>, while immutable components will instead have Component<Mutability = Immutable>.

fn register_required_components( _requiree: ComponentId, required_components: &mut RequiredComponentsRegistrator<'_, '_>, )

Registers required components.

fn clone_behavior() -> ComponentCloneBehavior

Called when registering this component, allowing to override clone function (or disable cloning altogether) for this component.

fn on_add() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_add ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_insert() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_insert ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_replace() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_replace ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_remove() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_remove ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_despawn() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_despawn ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn map_entities<E>(_this: &mut Self, _mapper: &mut E)

where E: EntityMapper,

Maps the entities on this component using the given EntityMapper. This is used to remap entities in contexts like scenes and entity cloning. When deriving Component, this is populated by annotating fields containing entities with #[entities]

impl Debug for Camera

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Default for Camera

fn default() -> Camera

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl FromReflect for Camera

fn from_reflect(reflect: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)) -> Option<Camera>

Constructs a concrete instance of Self from a reflected value.

fn take_from_reflect( reflect: Box<dyn PartialReflect>, ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to downcast the given value to Self using, constructing the value using from_reflect if that fails.

impl GetTypeRegistration for Camera

fn get_type_registration() -> TypeRegistration

Returns the default TypeRegistration for this type.

fn register_type_dependencies(registry: &mut TypeRegistry)

Registers other types needed by this type.

impl PartialReflect for Camera

fn get_represented_type_info(&self) -> Option<&'static TypeInfo>

Returns the TypeInfo of the type represented by this value.

fn try_apply( &mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Result<(), ApplyError>

Tries to apply a reflected value to this value.

fn reflect_kind(&self) -> ReflectKind

Returns a zero-sized enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_ref(&self) -> ReflectRef<'_>

Returns an immutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_mut(&mut self) -> ReflectMut<'_>

Returns a mutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_owned(self: Box<Camera>) -> ReflectOwned

Returns an owned enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn try_into_reflect( self: Box<Camera>, ) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to cast this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn into_partial_reflect(self: Box<Camera>) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, reflected value.

fn reflect_partial_eq( &self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Option<bool>

Returns a “partial equality” comparison result.

fn debug(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Debug formatter for the value.

fn reflect_clone(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, ReflectCloneError>

Attempts to clone Self using reflection.

fn apply(&mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static))

Applies a reflected value to this value.

fn to_dynamic(&self) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Converts this reflected value into its dynamic representation based on its kind.

fn reflect_clone_and_take<T>(&self) -> Result<T, ReflectCloneError>

where T: 'static, Self: Sized + TypePath,

For a type implementing PartialReflect, combines reflect_clone and take in a useful fashion, automatically constructing an appropriate ReflectCloneError if the downcast fails.

fn reflect_hash(&self) -> Option<u64>

Returns a hash of the value (which includes the type).

fn is_dynamic(&self) -> bool

Indicates whether or not this type is a dynamic type.

impl Reflect for Camera

fn into_any(self: Box<Camera>) -> Box<dyn Any>

Returns the value as a Box<dyn Any>.

fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &dyn Any.

fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &mut dyn Any.

fn into_reflect(self: Box<Camera>) -> Box<dyn Reflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn set(&mut self, value: Box<dyn Reflect>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Reflect>>

Performs a type-checked assignment of a reflected value to this value.

impl Struct for Camera

fn field(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field named name as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_mut( &mut self, name: &str, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field named name as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field with index index as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at_mut( &mut self, index: usize, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field with index index as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn name_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&str>

Returns the name of the field with index index.

fn field_len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of fields in the struct.

fn iter_fields(&self) -> FieldIter<'_>

Returns an iterator over the values of the reflectable fields for this struct.

fn to_dynamic_struct(&self) -> DynamicStruct

Creates a new DynamicStruct from this struct.

fn get_represented_struct_info(&self) -> Option<&'static StructInfo>

Will return None if TypeInfo is not available.

impl TypePath for Camera

fn type_path() -> &'static str

Returns the fully qualified path of the underlying type.

fn short_type_path() -> &'static str

Returns a short, pretty-print enabled path to the type.

fn type_ident() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the type, or None if it is anonymous.

fn crate_name() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the crate the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

fn module_path() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the path to the module the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

impl Typed for Camera

fn type_info() -> &'static TypeInfo

Returns the compile-time info for the underlying type.